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In theories of competition in economics, barriers to entry are obstacles that make it difficult to enter a given market. The term can refer to hindrances a firm faces in trying to enter a market or industry—such as government regulation and patents, or a large, established firm taking advantage of economies of scale—or those an individual faces in trying to gain entrance to a profession—such as education or licensing requirements. Because barriers to entry protect incumbent firms and restrict competition in a market, they can contribute to distortionary prices. The existence of monopolies or market power is often aided by barriers to entry. ==Definitions== George Stigler defined an entry barrier as "A cost of producing which must be borne by a firm which seeks to enter an industry but is not borne by firms already in the industry." Franklin M. Fisher gave the definition "anything that prevents entry when entry is socially beneficial."〔http://www.mcafee.cc/Papers/PDF/Barriers2Entry.pdf〕 Joe S. Bain defined as a barrier to entry anything that allows incumbent firms to earn supernormal profits without threat of entry. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barriers to entry」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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